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Abstract

Data Science aims at extracting information and knowledge from data. It comprises methods, processes, algorithms and technologies for management, processing and analysis of data. It is an interdisciplinary field applying concepts and techniques from mathematics, statistics, information technology, and application domains such as geosciences. Data Science is gaining more and more importance for science. It complements the traditional scientific approaches of empirical, theoretical and computational research with explorative strategies; developing reasoning- based hypotheses is complemented by suggesting correlations and complex interrelationships based on data alone. Data Science can also help to exploit the information contained in large data sets based on existing understanding of the processes and known gaps in our understanding. In this way data science may lead to novel, unexpected and valuable knowledge of complex natural or man-made systems.