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Late Quaternary climate variability in the Indian monsoon domain

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Mishra,  Praveen Kumar
5.2 Climate Dynamics and Landscape Evolution, 5.0 Earth Surface Processes, Departments, GFZ Publication Database, Deutsches GeoForschungsZentrum;

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Zitation

Mishra, P. K. (2015): Late Quaternary climate variability in the Indian monsoon domain, PhD Thesis, Freie Univ. : Berlin, 153 p.


Zitierlink: https://gfzpublic.gfz-potsdam.de/pubman/item/item_1264110
Zusammenfassung
The Indian subcontinent is characterised by a variety of climate zones ranging from the alpine climate in Himalaya, tropical climates in central India, to arid regions in the NW India. A variety of precipitation regimes (the SW and NE monsoon, and the winter westerlies) and glacial meltwater contribute to the regional hydrological balance – long term data on their variability is essential for infrastructural planning and securing food supplies in a global warming scenario. The present work on the lake sediments from the NW Himalaya (Tso Moriri Lake) and the central India (Lonar Lake) involved reconstructing late Quaternary palaeoclimate in these two diverse climate regions. The Tso Moriri Lake is located in the climatically sensitive zone of NW Himalayas and is affected by both mid-latitude westerlies and Indian summer monsoon (ISM), whereas Lonar Lake situated in the core monsoon zone of India and receives moisture only from the Indian summer monsoon (ISM). The present work involved (i) testing of climate-sensitive proxies that are useful for climate reconstruction in high altitude regions; (ii) based on the identified proxies, reconstruction of late Quaternary palaeoclimate, and; (iii) regional comparison to identify spatio-temporal changes in precipitation regimes and, meltwater contributions (for the high altitude Tso Moriri Lake). The present work indicates that the early Holocene intensification was visible in both NW Himalaya and central India, though the wettest phase ended earlier in the former (ca. 8.5 cal ka) as compared to the latter (ca. 6 cal ka). The central Indian record showed evidence of multiple abrupt events throughout the Holocene, as well as two periods of extended drought during the late Holocene. These “extremes” do not appear to be recorded in the high altitude Tso Moriri Lake. While chronological uncertainties could clarify some of the differences, one possible explanation for the apparent insensitivity of the NW Himalayan region to the “extremes” seen in peninsular India is probably due to the buffering effect of snowmelt, westerlies, and weaker ISM during the late Holocene.