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Theoretical limits on detection and analysis of small earthquakes

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Kwiatek,  G.
4.2 Geomechanics and Rheology, 4.0 Geomaterials, Departments, GFZ Publication Database, Deutsches GeoForschungsZentrum;

Ben-Zion,  Yehuda
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1719924.pdf
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Zitation

Kwiatek, G., Ben-Zion, Y. (2016): Theoretical limits on detection and analysis of small earthquakes. - Journal of Geophysical Research, 21, 8, 5898-5916.
https://doi.org/10.1002/2016JB012908


Zitierlink: https://gfzpublic.gfz-potsdam.de/pubman/item/item_1719924
Zusammenfassung
We investigate theoretical limits on detection and reliable estimates of source characteristics of small earthquakes using synthetic seismograms for shear/tensile dislocations on kinematic circular ruptures and observed seismic noise and properties of several acquisition systems (instrument response, sampling rate). Simulated source time functions for shear/tensile dislocation events with different magnitudes, static stress drops, and rupture velocities provide estimates for the amplitude and frequency content of P and S phases at various observation angles. The source time functions are convolved with a Green's function for a homogenous solid assuming given P, S wave velocities and attenuation coefficients and a given instrument response. The synthetic waveforms are superposed with average levels of the observed ambient seismic noise up to 1 kHz. The combined seismograms are used to calculate signal-to-noise ratios and expected frequency content of P and S phases at various locations. The synthetic simulations of signal-to-noise ratio reproduce observed ratios extracted from several well-recorded data sets. The results provide guidelines on detection of small events in various geological environments, along with information relevant to reliable analyses of earthquake source properties.