Aftershock Seismicity of the 27 February 2010 Maule Earthquake and its Relation 
to Postseismic Displacements from GPS

Lange, D.; Moreno, M.; Tilmann, Frederik; Baez, J. C.; Barrientos, S. E.; Beck, S. L.; Bernard, P.; Bevis, M. G.; Brooks, B.  A.; Contreras Reyes, E.; Heit, Benjamin; Methe, P.; Tassara, A.; Vilotte, J.-P.; Vigny, C.

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Aftershock Seismicity of the 27 February 2010 Maule Earthquake and its Relation to Postseismic Displacements from GPS

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Lange, D.
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Moreno, M.
3.1 Lithosphere Dynamics, 3.0 Geodynamics and Geomaterials, Departments, GFZ Publication Database, Deutsches GeoForschungsZentrum;

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Tilmann, Frederik
2.4 Seismology, 2.0 Physics of the Earth, Departments, GFZ Publication Database, Deutsches GeoForschungsZentrum;

Baez, J. C.
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Barrientos, S. E.
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Beck, S. L.
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Bernard, P.
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Bevis, M. G.
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Brooks, B. A.
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Contreras Reyes, E.
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Heit, Benjamin
2.4 Seismology, 2.0 Physics of the Earth, Departments, GFZ Publication Database, Deutsches GeoForschungsZentrum;

Methe, P.
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Tassara, A.
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Vilotte, J.-P.
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Vigny, C.
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Citation

Lange, D., Moreno, M., Tilmann, F., Baez, J. C., Barrientos, S. E., Beck, S. L., Bernard, P., Bevis, M. G., Brooks, B. A., Contreras Reyes, E., Heit, B., Methe, P., Tassara, A., Vilotte, J.-P., Vigny, C. (2011): Aftershock Seismicity of the 27 February 2010 Maule Earthquake and its Relation to Postseismic Displacements from GPS, AGU 2011 Fall Meeting (San Francisco 2011).

Cite as: https://gfzpublic.gfz-potsdam.de/pubman/item/item_244624

Abstract

On 27 February 2010 the Mw 8.8 Maule earthquake in Central Chile ruptured a seismic gap where significant strain had accumulated since 1835. Shortly after the mainshock a dense network of temporary seismic landstations was installed along the whole rupture zone in order to capture the aftershock activity. We present the aftershock distribution and first motion polarity focal mechanisms based on automatic detection algorithms and picking engines. Processing the seismic data between 15 March and 30 September 2010 from stations from IRIS, IPGP, Caltech and GFZ, we determined 19,908~hypocentres with magnitudes Mw between 1 and 6.2. Seismic activity occurs in six groups: 1.) Normal faulting outer rise events 2.) A shallow group of plate interface seismicity apparent at 25-35 km depth and 50-120 km distance to the trench. Along strike, the aftershocks occur largely within the zone of co-seismic slip but extend ~50 km further north. Along dip, the events are either within the zone of co-seismic slip, or downdip from it, depending on the slip model used. 3.) A third band of seismicity is observed further downdip at 40-50 km depth and further inland at 150-160 km trench perpendicular distance, with mostly shallow dipping thrust focal mechanisms indicating rupture of the plate interface significantly downdip of the co-seismic rupture, and presumably above the intersection of the continental Moho with the plate interface. 4.) A deep group of intermediate depth events between 80 to 120 km depth are present north of 36°S. 5.) The magmatic arc exhibits a small amount of crustal seismicity but does not appear to show significantly enhanced activity after the mainshock 6.) Pronounced crustal aftershock activity is found in the region of Pichilemu (~34.5°S). The time-series of postseismic deformation analyzed here show rapid transient deformation immediately following the Maule earthquake. We examine the relation between the spatial-temporal properties of the aftershock distribution and postseismic displacements from GPS. First results show a linear relationship between cumulative displacement and cumulative number of aftershocks at large times (>25d, when the local aftershock catalog is available). This relationship may be use to infer rheological properties. Similar relations have been observed in other large subduction zone earthquakes.