Amorphous dysprosium carbonate: characterization, stability, and 
crystallization pathways

Vallina, B.; Rodriguez-Blanco, J. D.; Brown, A. P.; Blanco, J. A.; Benning, Liane G.

doi:10.1007/s11051-013-1438-3

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Amorphous dysprosium carbonate: characterization, stability, and crystallization pathways

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Vallina, B.
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Rodriguez-Blanco, J. D.
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Brown, A. P.
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Blanco, J. A.
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Benning, Liane G.
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Vallina, B., Rodriguez-Blanco, J. D., Brown, A. P., Blanco, J. A., Benning, L. G. (2013): Amorphous dysprosium carbonate: characterization, stability, and crystallization pathways. - Journal of Nanoparticle Research, 15, 2, 1438.
https://doi.org/10.1007/s11051-013-1438-3

Cite as: https://gfzpublic.gfz-potsdam.de/pubman/item/item_806959

Abstract

The crystallization of amorphous dysprosium carbonate (ADC) has been studied in air (21-750 degrees C) and in solution (21-250 degrees C). This poorly ordered precursor, Dy-2(CO3)(3)center dot 4H(2)O, was synthesized in solution at ambient temperature. Its properties and crystallization pathways were studied by powder X-ray diffraction, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, scanning and transmission electron microscopy, thermogravimetric analysis, and magnetic techniques. ADC consists of highly hydrated spherical nanoparticles of 10-20 nm diameter that are exceptionally stable under dry treatment at ambient and high temperatures (<550 degrees C). However, ADC transforms in solution to a variety of Dy-carbonates, depending on the temperature and reaction times. The transformation sequence is (a) poorly crystalline metastable tengerite-type phase, Dy-2(CO3)(3)center dot 2-3H(2)O; and (b) the orthorhombic kozoite-type phase DyCO3(OH) at 165 degrees C after prolonged times (15 days) or faster (12 h) at 220 degrees C. Both the amorphous phase and the kozoite-type phase DyCO3(OH) are paramagnetic in the range of temperatures measured from 1.8 to 300 K.