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  The Terrestrial Plastisphere: Diversity and Polymer-Colonizing Potential of Plastic-Associated Microbial Communities in Soil

MacLean, J., Mayanna, S., Benning, L. G., Horn, F., Bartholomäus, A., Wiesner, Y., Wagner, D., Liebner, S. (2021): The Terrestrial Plastisphere: Diversity and Polymer-Colonizing Potential of Plastic-Associated Microbial Communities in Soil. - Microorganisms, 9, 9, 1876.
https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms9091876

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 Urheber:
MacLean, Joana1, Autor              
Mayanna, S.2, Autor              
Benning, Liane G.2, Autor              
Horn, Fabian1, Autor              
Bartholomäus, Alexander1, Autor              
Wiesner, Yosri3, Autor
Wagner, D.1, Autor              
Liebner, Susanne1, Autor              
Affiliations:
13.7 Geomicrobiology, 3.0 Geochemistry, Departments, GFZ Publication Database, Deutsches GeoForschungsZentrum, ou_146043              
23.5 Interface Geochemistry, 3.0 Geochemistry, Departments, GFZ Publication Database, Deutsches GeoForschungsZentrum, ou_754888              
3External Organizations, ou_persistent22              

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Schlagwörter: plastisphere; plastic pollution; soil microbial community; microbial diversity; biofilms; microbe–plastic interactions; polyethylene colonization; FESEM imaging
 Zusammenfassung: The concept of a ‘plastisphere microbial community’ arose from research on aquatic plastic debris, while the effect of plastics on microbial communities in soils remains poorly understood. Therefore, we examined the inhabiting microbial communities of two plastic debris ecosystems with regard to their diversity and composition relative to plastic-free soils from the same area using 16S rRNA amplicon sequencing. Furthermore, we studied the plastic-colonizing potential of bacteria originating from both study sites as a measure of surface adhesion to UV-weathered polyethylene (PE) using high-magnification field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM). The high plastic content of the soils was associated with a reduced alpha diversity and a significantly different structure of the microbial communities. The presence of plastic debris in soils did not specifically enrich bacteria known to degrade plastic, as suggested by earlier studies, but rather shifted the microbial community towards highly abundant autotrophic bacteria potentially tolerant to hydrophobic environments and known to be important for biocrust formation. The bacterial inoculates from both sites formed dense biofilms on the surface and in micrometer-scale surface cracks of the UV-weathered PE chips after 100 days of in vitro incubation with visible threadlike EPS structures and cross-connections enabling surface adhesion. High-resolution FESEM imaging further indicates that the microbial colonization catalyzed some of the surface degradation of PE. In essence, this study suggests the concept of a ‘terrestrial plastisphere’ as a diverse consortium of microorganisms including autotrophs and other pioneering species paving the way for those members of the consortium that may eventually break down the plastic compounds.

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Sprache(n): eng - Englisch
 Datum: 2021-09-032021
 Publikationsstatus: Final veröffentlicht
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 Identifikatoren: DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms9091876
GFZPOF: p4 T5 Future Landscapes
OATYPE: Gold Open Access
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Titel: Microorganisms
Genre der Quelle: Zeitschrift, SCI, oa
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Ort, Verlag, Ausgabe: -
Seiten: - Band / Heft: 9 (9) Artikelnummer: 1876 Start- / Endseite: - Identifikator: CoNE: https://gfzpublic.gfz-potsdam.de/cone/journals/resource/160524
Publisher: MDPI