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Zusammenfassung:
Vegetation indices (VI) combine mathematically a few selected spectral bands to minimize undesired effects of soil background, illumination conditions and atmospheric perturbations. In this way, the relation to vegetation biophysical variables is enhanced. Albeit numerous experiments found close relationships between vegetation indices and several important vegetation biophysical variables, well known shortcomings and drawbacks remain. Important limitations of VIs are illustrated and discussed in this paper. As most of the limitations can be overcome using physically-based radiative transfer models (RTM), advantages and limits of RTM are also presented.