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Abstract:
Volcanic activity involves different processes on different scales at depth and at the surface. Many of them generate seismic signals,
ranging from tiny, earthquake-like signals to increased continuous vibrations to significant ground motion events before and during
volcanic eruptions. A range of modern tools of volcano seismology is nowadays used to monitor changes in the volcanic activity and
volcanic unrest. Additionally, advanced seismology is able to image the deep volcanic structures at high resolution and to map the
depth and size of magmatic reservoirs beneath volcanoes. Although seismology is a key technology for volcano research and the
assessment of volcanic hazard, novel concepts of volcano monitoring combine seismology with different types of multi-parameter
sensors to characterize the processes accompanying volcanic unrest. GFZ is developing advanced approaches for volcano monitoring
and volcano modeling involving a broad scale of instruments and disciplines. The article focuses mainly on two examples from volcanoes
in South America and Iceland showing how large magmatic reservoirs are slowly filled over periods of decades and abruptly
depleted over periods of months during volcanic eruptions.
