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  Direct measurement of the contribution of street lighting to satellite observations of nighttime light emissions from urban areas

Kyba, C., Ruby, A., Kuechly, H., Kinzey, B., Miller, N., Sanders, J., Barentine, J., Kleinodt, R., Espey, B. (2021): Direct measurement of the contribution of street lighting to satellite observations of nighttime light emissions from urban areas. - Lighting Research & Technology, 53, 3, 189-211.
https://doi.org/10.1177/1477153520958463

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 Creators:
Kyba, C.1, Author              
Ruby, Andreas2, Author              
Kuechly, Helga1, Author              
Kinzey, B3, Author
Miller, N3, Author
Sanders, J3, Author
Barentine, J3, Author
Kleinodt, R3, Author
Espey, B3, Author
Affiliations:
11.4 Remote Sensing, 1.0 Geodesy, Departments, GFZ Publication Database, Deutsches GeoForschungsZentrum, ou_146028              
24.7 Earth Surface Process Modelling, 4.0 Geosystems, Departments, GFZ Publication Database, Deutsches GeoForschungsZentrum, ou_1729888              
3External Organizations, ou_persistent22              

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 Abstract: Nighttime light emissions are increasing in most countries worldwide, but which types of lighting are responsible for the increase remains unknown. Also unknown is what fraction of outdoor light emissions and associated energy use are due to public light sources (i.e. streetlights) or various types of private light sources (e.g. advertising). Here we show that it is possible to measure the contribution of street lighting to nighttime satellite imagery using ‘smart city’ lighting infrastructure. The city of Tucson, USA, intentionally altered its streetlight output over 10 days, and we examined the change in emissions observed by satellite. We find that streetlights operated by the city are responsible for only 13% of the total radiance (in the 500–900 nm band) observed from Tucson from space after midnight (95% confidence interval 10–16%). If Tucson did not dim their streetlights after midnight, the contribution would be 18% (95% confidence interval 15–23%). When streetlights operated by other actors are included, the best estimates rise to 16% and 21%, respectively. Existing energy and lighting policy related to the sustainability of outdoor light use has mainly focused on street lighting. These results suggest an urgent need for consideration of other types of light sources in outdoor lighting policy.

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 Dates: 2020-10-282021
 Publication Status: Finally published
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 Identifiers: DOI: 10.1177/1477153520958463
GFZPOF: p4 T5 Future Landscapes
OATYPE: Green Open Access
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Title: Lighting Research & Technology
Source Genre: Journal, SCI, Scopus
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Pages: - Volume / Issue: 53 (3) Sequence Number: - Start / End Page: 189 - 211 Identifier: CoNE: https://gfzpublic.gfz-potsdam.de/cone/journals/resource/20201029
Publisher: Sage Publications