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  Zircon and Melt Extraction From a Long‐Lived and Vertically Extensive Magma System Underneath Ilopango Caldera (El Salvador)

Cisneros de León, A., Schmitt, A. K., Kutterolf, S., Schindlbeck‐Belo, J. C., Hernández, W., Sims, K. W. W., Garrison, J., Kant, L. B., Weber, B., Wang, K., Lee, H., Trumbull, R. (2021): Zircon and Melt Extraction From a Long‐Lived and Vertically Extensive Magma System Underneath Ilopango Caldera (El Salvador). - Geochemistry Geophysics Geosystems (G3), 22, 5, e2020GC009507.
https://doi.org/10.1029/2020GC009507

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 Creators:
Cisneros de León, A.1, Author
Schmitt, A. K.1, Author
Kutterolf, S.1, Author
Schindlbeck‐Belo, J. C.1, Author
Hernández, W.1, Author
Sims, K. W. W.1, Author
Garrison, J.1, Author
Kant, L. B.1, Author
Weber, B.1, Author
Wang, K.‐L.1, Author
Lee, H.‐Y.1, Author
Trumbull, R.2, Author              
Affiliations:
1External Organizations, ou_persistent22              
23.1 Inorganic and Isotope Geochemistry, 3.0 Geochemistry, Departments, GFZ Publication Database, Deutsches GeoForschungsZentrum, ou_146040              

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Free keywords: Central America, Geochemistry, Oxygen isotopes, SIMS, U‐series, Zircon
 Abstract: The Tierra Blanca (TB) eruptive suite comprises the last four major eruptions of Ilopango caldera in El Salvador (≤45 ka), including the youngest Tierra Blanca Joven eruption (TBJ; ∼106 km3): the most voluminous event during the Holocene in Central America. Despite the protracted and productive history of explosive silicic eruptions at Ilopango caldera, many aspects regarding the longevity and the prevailing physicochemical conditions of the underlying magmatic system remain unknown. Zircon 238U‐230Th geochronology of the TB suite (TBJ, TB2, TB3, and TB4) reveals a continuous and overlapping crystallization history among individual eruptions, suggesting persistent melt presence in thermally and compositionally distinct magma reservoirs over the last ca. 80 kyr. The longevity of zircon is in contrast to previously determined crystallization timescales of <10 kyr for major mineral phases in TBJ. This dichotomy is explained by a process of rhyolitic melt segregation from a crystal‐rich refractory residue that incorporates zircon, whereas a new generation of major mineral phases crystallized shortly before eruption. Ti‐in‐zircon temperatures and amphibole geothermobarometry suggest that rhyolitic melt was extracted from different storage zones of the magma reservoir as indicated by distinct but synchronous thermochemical zircon histories among the TB suite eruptions. Zircon from TBJ and TB2 suggests magma differentiation within deeper and hotter parts of the reservoir, whereas zircon from TB3 and TB4 instead hints at crystallization in comparatively shallower and cooler domains. The assembly of the voluminous TBJ magma reservoir was also likely enhanced by cannibalization of hydrothermally altered components as suggested by low‐δ18O values in zircon (+4.5 ± 0.3‰).

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Language(s): eng - English
 Dates: 2021-02-142021-05-122021
 Publication Status: Finally published
 Pages: -
 Publishing info: -
 Table of Contents: -
 Rev. Type: -
 Identifiers: DOI: 10.1029/2020GC009507
GFZPOF: p4 T3 Restless Earth
OATYPE: Hybrid Open Access
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Title: Geochemistry Geophysics Geosystems (G3)
Source Genre: Journal, SCI, Scopus, oa , OA seit 15. September 2021
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Pages: - Volume / Issue: 22 (5) Sequence Number: e2020GC009507 Start / End Page: - Identifier: CoNE: https://gfzpublic.gfz-potsdam.de/cone/journals/resource/journals159
Publisher: American Geophysical Union (AGU)