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Abstract:
Low-cost GNSS receivers are nowadays growing in importance. Alternatively, new-generation smartphones can provide multi-system data, even in dual-frequency mode. In the spirit of cognitive meanings, we evaluate the performance of various receivers in the harsh urban environment, with particular attention to multipath effects. Due to the high density of obstacles in urban canyons, and multiple sources of strong signal multipath, such as glass/aluminium buildings and vehicles, the main problems are signal obstructions and pseudorange multipath errors. Hence, the multipath errors must be mitigated to provide reliable, thus accurate, navigation based on GNSS positioning. For this purpose, we investigate different ways to mitigate the multipath effects on the multi-GNSS single point positioning (SPP) accuracy and integrity. The accuracy analysis is carried out based on various grades of GNSS receivers and using different data modeling approaches. The Warsaw city center was chosen as the test area due to the high level of harsh measurement conditions. Low-cost GNSS receivers with different sets of antennas, and additionally smartphones, were used in the experiment. In addition, the surveying grade receiver was also employed as the reference source of high-quality GNSS measurements.
