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  Rupture Dynamics of Cascading Earthquakes in a Multiscale Fracture Network

Palgunadi, K. H., Gabriel, A., Garagash, D. I., Ulrich, T., Mai, P. M. (2024): Rupture Dynamics of Cascading Earthquakes in a Multiscale Fracture Network. - Journal of Geophysical Research: Solid Earth, 129.
https://doi.org/10.1029/2023JB027578

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Item Permalink: https://gfzpublic.gfz-potsdam.de/pubman/item/item_5025777 Version Permalink: https://gfzpublic.gfz-potsdam.de/pubman/item/item_5025777_1
Genre: Journal Article

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 Creators:
Palgunadi, Kadek Hendrawan1, 2, Author
Gabriel, Alice‐Agnes1, 2, Author
Garagash, Dmitry Igor1, 2, Author
Ulrich, Thomas1, 2, Author
Mai, Paul Martin1, 2, Author
Affiliations:
1External Organizations, ou_persistent22              
2Geo-INQUIRE, External Organizations, ou_5025076              

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 Abstract: Fault‐damage zones comprise multiscale fracture networks that may slip dynamically and interact with the main fault during earthquake rupture. Using 3D dynamic rupture simulations and scale‐dependent fracture energy, we examine dynamic interactions of more than 800 intersecting multiscale fractures surrounding a listric fault, emulating a major listric fault and its damage zone. We investigate 10 distinct orientations of maximum horizontal stress, probing the conditions necessary for sustained slip within the fracture network or activating the main fault. Additionally, we assess the feasibility of nucleating dynamic rupture earthquake cascades from a distant fracture and investigate the sensitivity of fracture network cascading rupture to the effective normal stress level. We model either pure cascades or main fault rupture with limited offfault slip. We find that cascading ruptures within the fracture network are dynamically feasible under certain conditions, including: (a) the fracture energy scales with fracture and fault size, (b) favorable relative pre‐stress of fractures within the ambient stress field, and (c) close proximity of fractures. We find that cascading rupture within the fracture network discourages rupture on the main fault. Our simulations suggest that fractures with favorable relative pre‐stress, embedded within a fault damage zone, may lead to cascading earthquake rupture that shadows main fault slip. We find that such off‐fault events may reach moment magnitudes up to Mw ≈ 5.5, comparable to magnitudes that can be otherwise hosted by the main fault. Our findings offer insights into physical processes governing cascading earthquake dynamic rupture within multiscale fracture networks.

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Language(s): eng - English
 Dates: 2024-03-192024
 Publication Status: Finally published
 Pages: -
 Publishing info: -
 Table of Contents: -
 Rev. Type: -
 Identifiers: DOI: 10.1029/2023JB027578
 Degree: -

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Project name : Geo-INQUIRE
Grant ID : 101058518
Funding program : Horizon Europe (HE)
Funding organization : European Commission (EC)

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Title: Journal of Geophysical Research: Solid Earth
Source Genre: Journal, SCI, Scopus
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Pages: - Volume / Issue: 129 Sequence Number: - Start / End Page: - Identifier: ISSN: 2169-9313
ISSN: 2169-9356
CoNE: https://gfzpublic.gfz-potsdam.de/cone/journals/resource/jgr_solid_earth