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Schlagwörter:
Hard rock, Excavation damage, Complex stress state, Three-dimensional (3D) time-dependent model
Zusammenfassung:
To investigate the long-term stability of deep rocks, a three-dimensional (3D) time-dependent model
that accounts for excavation-induced damage and complex stress state is developed. This model com-
prises three main components: a 3D viscoplastic isotropic constitutive relation that considers excavation
damage and complex stress state, a quantitative relationship between critical irreversible deformation
and complex stress state, and evolution characteristics of strength parameters. The proposed model is
implemented in a self-developed numerical code, i.e. CASRock. The reliability of the model is validated
through experiments. It is indicated that the time-dependent fracturing potential index (xTFPI) at a given
time during the attenuation creep stage shows a negative correlation with the extent of excavation-
induced damage. The time-dependent fracturing process of rock demonstrates a distinct interval effect
of the intermediate principal stress, thereby highlighting the 3D stress-dependent characteristic of the
model. Finally, the influence of excavation-induced damage and intermediate principal stress on the
time-dependent fracturing characteristics of the surrounding rocks around the tunnel is discussed.
Ó 2024 Institute of Rock and Soil Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences. Production and hosting by
Elsevier B.V. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/
licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/).
