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Journal Article

Carbon uptake in Eurasian boreal forests dominates the high‐latitude net ecosystem carbon budget

Authors

Watts,  Jennifer D.
External Organizations;

Farina,  Mary
External Organizations;

Kimball,  John S.
External Organizations;

Schiferl,  Luke D.
External Organizations;

Liu,  Zhihua
External Organizations;

Arndt,  Kyle A.
External Organizations;

Zona,  Donatella
External Organizations;

Ballantyne,  Ashley
External Organizations;

Euskirchen,  Eugénie S.
External Organizations;

Parmentier,  Frans‐Jan W.
External Organizations;

Helbig,  Manuel
External Organizations;

Sonnentag,  Oliver
External Organizations;

Tagesson,  Torbern
External Organizations;

Rinne,  Janne
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Ikawa,  Hiroki
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Ueyama,  Masahito
External Organizations;

Kobayashi,  Hideki
External Organizations;

/persons/resource/tsachs

Sachs,  T.
1.4 Remote Sensing, 1.0 Geodesy, Departments, GFZ Publication Database, Deutsches GeoForschungsZentrum;

Nadeau,  Daniel F.
External Organizations;

Kochendorfer,  John
External Organizations;

Jackowicz‐Korczynski,  Marcin
External Organizations;

Virkkala,  Anna
External Organizations;

Aurela,  Mika
External Organizations;

Commane,  Roisin
External Organizations;

Byrne,  Brendan
External Organizations;

Birch,  Leah
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Johnson,  Matthew S.
External Organizations;

Madani,  Nima
External Organizations;

Rogers,  Brendan
External Organizations;

Du,  Jinyang
External Organizations;

Endsley,  Arthur
External Organizations;

Savage,  Kathleen
External Organizations;

Poulter,  Ben
External Organizations;

Zhang,  Zhen
External Organizations;

Bruhwiler,  Lori M.
External Organizations;

Miller,  Charles E.
External Organizations;

Goetz,  Scott
External Organizations;

Oechel,  Walter C.
External Organizations;

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Citation

Watts, J. D., Farina, M., Kimball, J. S., Schiferl, L. D., Liu, Z., Arndt, K. A., Zona, D., Ballantyne, A., Euskirchen, E. S., Parmentier, F. W., Helbig, M., Sonnentag, O., Tagesson, T., Rinne, J., Ikawa, H., Ueyama, M., Kobayashi, H., Sachs, T., Nadeau, D. F., Kochendorfer, J., Jackowicz‐Korczynski, M., Virkkala, A., Aurela, M., Commane, R., Byrne, B., Birch, L., Johnson, M. S., Madani, N., Rogers, B., Du, J., Endsley, A., Savage, K., Poulter, B., Zhang, Z., Bruhwiler, L. M., Miller, C. E., Goetz, S., Oechel, W. C. (2023): Carbon uptake in Eurasian boreal forests dominates the high‐latitude net ecosystem carbon budget. - Global Change Biology, 29, 7, 1870-1889.
https://doi.org/10.1111/gcb.16553


Cite as: https://gfzpublic.gfz-potsdam.de/pubman/item/item_5015680
Abstract
Arctic-boreal landscapes are experiencing profound warming, along with changes in ecosystem moisture status and disturbance from fire. This region is of global importance in terms of carbon feedbacks to climate, yet the sign (sink or source) and magnitude of the Arctic-boreal carbon budget within recent years remains highly uncertain. Here, we provide new estimates of recent (2003–2015) vegetation gross primary productivity (GPP), ecosystem respiration (Reco), net ecosystem CO2 exchange (NEE; Reco − GPP), and terrestrial methane (CH4) emissions for the Arctic-boreal zone using a satellite data-driven process-model for northern ecosystems (TCFM-Arctic), calibrated and evaluated using measurements from >60 tower eddy covariance (EC) sites. We used TCFM-Arctic to obtain daily 1-km2 flux estimates and annual carbon budgets for the pan-Arctic-boreal region. Across the domain, the model indicated an overall average NEE sink of −850 Tg CO2-C year−1. Eurasian boreal zones, especially those in Siberia, contributed to a majority of the net sink. In contrast, the tundra biome was relatively carbon neutral (ranging from small sink to source). Regional CH4 emissions from tundra and boreal wetlands (not accounting for aquatic CH4) were estimated at 35 Tg CH4-C year−1. Accounting for additional emissions from open water aquatic bodies and from fire, using available estimates from the literature, reduced the total regional NEE sink by 21% and shifted many far northern tundra landscapes, and some boreal forests, to a net carbon source. This assessment, based on in situ observations and models, improves our understanding of the high-latitude carbon status and also indicates a continued need for integrated site-to-regional assessments to monitor the vulnerability of these ecosystems to climate change.