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Mission objectives and first results of the airglow measurement system OASIS located next to ESO's VLT in the Chilean Andes

Authors

Hannawald,  Patrick
IUGG 2023, General Assemblies, 1 General, International Union of Geodesy and Geophysics (IUGG), External Organizations;

Schmidt,  Carsten
IUGG 2023, General Assemblies, 1 General, International Union of Geodesy and Geophysics (IUGG), External Organizations;

Wüst,  Sabine
IUGG 2023, General Assemblies, 1 General, International Union of Geodesy and Geophysics (IUGG), External Organizations;

Bittner,  Michael
IUGG 2023, General Assemblies, 1 General, International Union of Geodesy and Geophysics (IUGG), External Organizations;

Dech,  Stefan
IUGG 2023, General Assemblies, 1 General, International Union of Geodesy and Geophysics (IUGG), External Organizations;

Smette,  Alain
IUGG 2023, General Assemblies, 1 General, International Union of Geodesy and Geophysics (IUGG), External Organizations;

Jochum,  Lieselotte
IUGG 2023, General Assemblies, 1 General, International Union of Geodesy and Geophysics (IUGG), External Organizations;

Kaufer,  Andreas
IUGG 2023, General Assemblies, 1 General, International Union of Geodesy and Geophysics (IUGG), External Organizations;

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Citation

Hannawald, P., Schmidt, C., Wüst, S., Bittner, M., Dech, S., Smette, A., Jochum, L., Kaufer, A. (2023): Mission objectives and first results of the airglow measurement system OASIS located next to ESO's VLT in the Chilean Andes, XXVIII General Assembly of the International Union of Geodesy and Geophysics (IUGG) (Berlin 2023).
https://doi.org/10.57757/IUGG23-1727


Cite as: https://gfzpublic.gfz-potsdam.de/pubman/item/item_5017881
Abstract
In November 2022 the OASIS measurement system (Observations of Airglow with Spectrometer and Imager Systems) for airglow observations was set up right next to ESO's Very Large Telescope (VLT) in Chile. It aims for observing OH nightglow with high temporal resolution in order to investigate natural hazards emitting waves (e.g. tsunamis, earthquakes, storms). Furthermore, general middle atmospheric dynamics are studied in greater detail above the Andes region, among others to develop precise methods for providing valuable near-real time data about the airglow variability for the astronomic observation scheduling of the VLT. The OASIS system consists of three airglow instruments, one spectrometer with a pan-tilt mechanism to observe selected events at any direction on the nightsky on demand, and two imager systems, an allsky camera and a narrower field-of-view camera. All three instruments have a high temporal resolution of (15s, 2s, and 1.5s, respectively) and observe the short-wave infrared part of OH nightglow around 1.5µm to 1.6µm. The good observation conditions at the astronomic site with clear sky conditions throughout the entire year give a very good data coverage allowing for unique analyses on a statistical basis as well as on specific case studies e.g. of waves emitted by natural hazard events propagating up to the mesosphere and lower thermosphere. We present the OASIS measurement system, its mission objectives, and first results from the first nine months of observations concerning general gravity wave activity above the Andes, stunning gravity wave events, and extraordinary variations of airglow intensity.