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Gravity changes at Cumbre Vieja, La Palma (Canary Islands), associated with the 2021 eruption

Authors

G. Montesinos,  Fuensanta
IUGG 2023, General Assemblies, 1 General, International Union of Geodesy and Geophysics (IUGG), External Organizations;

Arnoso,  Jose
IUGG 2023, General Assemblies, 1 General, International Union of Geodesy and Geophysics (IUGG), External Organizations;

Sainz-Maza,  Sergio
IUGG 2023, General Assemblies, 1 General, International Union of Geodesy and Geophysics (IUGG), External Organizations;

Gómez-Ortiz,  David
IUGG 2023, General Assemblies, 1 General, International Union of Geodesy and Geophysics (IUGG), External Organizations;

Blanco-Montenegro,  Isabel
IUGG 2023, General Assemblies, 1 General, International Union of Geodesy and Geophysics (IUGG), External Organizations;

Benavent,  Maite
IUGG 2023, General Assemblies, 1 General, International Union of Geodesy and Geophysics (IUGG), External Organizations;

Vélez,  Emilio
IUGG 2023, General Assemblies, 1 General, International Union of Geodesy and Geophysics (IUGG), External Organizations;

Sánchez,  Nieves
IUGG 2023, General Assemblies, 1 General, International Union of Geodesy and Geophysics (IUGG), External Organizations;

Martín-Crespo,  Tomás
IUGG 2023, General Assemblies, 1 General, International Union of Geodesy and Geophysics (IUGG), External Organizations;

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Citation

G. Montesinos, F., Arnoso, J., Sainz-Maza, S., Gómez-Ortiz, D., Blanco-Montenegro, I., Benavent, M., Vélez, E., Sánchez, N., Martín-Crespo, T. (2023): Gravity changes at Cumbre Vieja, La Palma (Canary Islands), associated with the 2021 eruption, XXVIII General Assembly of the International Union of Geodesy and Geophysics (IUGG) (Berlin 2023).
https://doi.org/10.57757/IUGG23-1525


Cite as: https://gfzpublic.gfz-potsdam.de/pubman/item/item_5018084
Abstract
The 2021 eruption at the Cumbre Vieja rift (La Palma, Canary Islands) lasted 85 days from September 19th to December 13th, becoming the longest historical eruption in this island. During this period, an elongated fissure eruption built a volcanic cone reaching 1,121 m a.s.l. Lava emerged from six major craters and up to nine minor vents with alternating activity, according to temporal variations in the eruptive process. We conducted several gravity surveys before, during and after this eruption that provided us with valuable spatial-temporal information to study this volcanic event. The obtained Bouguer anomaly map revealed a model of the shallow crustal structures before the eruption, which allowed to study the framework where the volcanic process developed. The analysis of the observed space-time gravity changes suggested a model of the magmatic feeding system, which draws the spatio-temporal path of magma ascent from the crust-mantle boundary to the surface. In addition, we also investigated the differences among the several gravity surveys to infer the possible mass changes that took place during the volcanic process. The interpretation of these gravity changes associated to the 2021 eruption at the Cumbre Vieja rift is supported by the analysis of the spatio-temporal distribution of the earthquake hypocenters preceding the eruption and the ground displacement calculated using GNSS data.