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Long-term monitoring and evaluation of hydro-geomorphological processes in a pro-glacial landscape

Authors

Helfricht,  Kay
IUGG 2023, General Assemblies, 1 General, International Union of Geodesy and Geophysics (IUGG), External Organizations;

Hiller,  Clemens
IUGG 2023, General Assemblies, 1 General, International Union of Geodesy and Geophysics (IUGG), External Organizations;

Hohensinner,  Severin
IUGG 2023, General Assemblies, 1 General, International Union of Geodesy and Geophysics (IUGG), External Organizations;

Haas,  Florian
IUGG 2023, General Assemblies, 1 General, International Union of Geodesy and Geophysics (IUGG), External Organizations;

Schwaizer,  Gabriele
IUGG 2023, General Assemblies, 1 General, International Union of Geodesy and Geophysics (IUGG), External Organizations;

Fischer,  Andrea
IUGG 2023, General Assemblies, 1 General, International Union of Geodesy and Geophysics (IUGG), External Organizations;

Achleitner,  Stefan
IUGG 2023, General Assemblies, 1 General, International Union of Geodesy and Geophysics (IUGG), External Organizations;

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Citation

Helfricht, K., Hiller, C., Hohensinner, S., Haas, F., Schwaizer, G., Fischer, A., Achleitner, S. (2023): Long-term monitoring and evaluation of hydro-geomorphological processes in a pro-glacial landscape, XXVIII General Assembly of the International Union of Geodesy and Geophysics (IUGG) (Berlin 2023).
https://doi.org/10.57757/IUGG23-2263


Cite as: https://gfzpublic.gfz-potsdam.de/pubman/item/item_5018501
Abstract
We applied an interdisciplinary approach to capture the sediment dynamics and evolution of the channel system in the transition zone from glacial ice to pro-glacial areas of a partially debris-covered glacier. Historical land cover based reconstructed based on maps dating as far back as the early 19th century. Modern terrain information from orthophotos and elevation models formed the basis for the interpretation of such historical maps. Historical landscape evolution shows a 126% increase in fluvially influenced sediment areas between the years of 1820 and 2015 as a result of the retreating glacier tongue. In turn, a 196% increase in alpine grassland indicates the adaptation of vegetation to the changing climate, as well as a long-term stabilisation of proglacial wasteland. In the recent past, however, the process of deglaciation has been faster than colonisation by alpine vegetation. A detailed analysis of the landscape changes in the glacier forefield of the Jamtalferner based on laser-scanning and photogrammetric data reveals the dynamics of the geomorphological processes and their sediment input into the channel of the glacial stream. The intensity of slope dynamics in the lateral moraines, as indicated by elevation changes, decreases noticeably with distance from the present glacier tongue position. The dynamics of the channel in the glacier forefield are generally very high. However, there is only minor direct sediment contribution from the debris cover of the glacier to the total sediment transport. The data and documentation of hydro-morphological processes form the basis for hydraulic modelling of sediment transport in these highly variable areas.