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Two small volcanoes, one inside the other: Geophysics and ICDP drilling of Bažina maar in western Eger Rift

Authors

Hrubcová,  Pavla
IUGG 2023, General Assemblies, 1 General, International Union of Geodesy and Geophysics (IUGG), External Organizations;

Fischer,  Tomas
IUGG 2023, General Assemblies, 1 General, International Union of Geodesy and Geophysics (IUGG), External Organizations;

Rapprich,  Vladislav
IUGG 2023, General Assemblies, 1 General, International Union of Geodesy and Geophysics (IUGG), External Organizations;

Valenta,  Jan
IUGG 2023, General Assemblies, 1 General, International Union of Geodesy and Geophysics (IUGG), External Organizations;

Taborik,  Petr
IUGG 2023, General Assemblies, 1 General, International Union of Geodesy and Geophysics (IUGG), External Organizations;

Mrlina,  Jan
IUGG 2023, General Assemblies, 1 General, International Union of Geodesy and Geophysics (IUGG), External Organizations;

/persons/resource/dahm

Dahm,  T.
2.1 Physics of Earthquakes and Volcanoes, 2.0 Geophysics, Departments, GFZ Publication Database, Deutsches GeoForschungsZentrum;
IUGG 2023, General Assemblies, 1 General, International Union of Geodesy and Geophysics (IUGG), External Organizations;

Vylita,  Tomas
IUGG 2023, General Assemblies, 1 General, International Union of Geodesy and Geophysics (IUGG), External Organizations;

Beránek,  Roman
IUGG 2023, General Assemblies, 1 General, International Union of Geodesy and Geophysics (IUGG), External Organizations;

Klanica,  Radek
IUGG 2023, General Assemblies, 1 General, International Union of Geodesy and Geophysics (IUGG), External Organizations;

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Citation

Hrubcová, P., Fischer, T., Rapprich, V., Valenta, J., Taborik, P., Mrlina, J., Dahm, T., Vylita, T., Beránek, R., Klanica, R. (2023): Two small volcanoes, one inside the other: Geophysics and ICDP drilling of Bažina maar in western Eger Rift, XXVIII General Assembly of the International Union of Geodesy and Geophysics (IUGG) (Berlin 2023).
https://doi.org/10.57757/IUGG23-4238


Cite as: https://gfzpublic.gfz-potsdam.de/pubman/item/item_5021676
Abstract
Maar-diatreme volcanoes are small volcanic structures with a conical crater surrounded by a tephra-ring. They are formed by the explosive phreatomagmatic eruptions in a short time when groundwater comes into the contact with magma. We focus on the Bažina maar in the geodynamically active western Eger Rift (Czech Republic) and discuss results from multidisciplinary geophysical investigations calibrated by drilling in the frame of the ICDP Eger project (International Continental Drilling Program). Apart from the internal structure, we show how detailed pre-drill geophysical research contributed to a proper selection of the drill site which concluded in revealing unique structure of a maar volcano with several generations of eruptions. Two boreholes located in the maar crater evinced lithologies of the maar-diatreme filling and its contact with country rocks. They penetrated volcanic rocks and volcaniclastic deposits of the maar but also revealed pyroclastic cone with the olivine nephelinite feeding conduit. Such results are unique and disclose that the maar formation was followed by several subsequent eruptions within the maar. Further investigationsconfirmed long-lasting volcanic activity with very primitive magma and extremely low magma productivity, which distinguishes the western Eger Rift from other Cenozoic volcanic provinces in Europe. These results improve our understanding of volcanic processes, their significance is also general because they shed light on unique evolution of two volcanoes, one inside the other.