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Journal Article

Time-varying drainage basin developmentand erosion on volcanic edifices

Authors
/persons/resource/ohara

O'Hara,  Daniel
4.7 Earth Surface Process Modelling, 4.0 Geosystems, Departments, GFZ Publication Database, Deutsches GeoForschungsZentrum;

Goren,  Liran
External Organizations;

van Wees,  Roos M. J.
External Organizations;

/persons/resource/campfort

Campforts,  Benjamin
0 Pre-GFZ, Departments, GFZ Publication Database, Deutsches GeoForschungsZentrum;

Grosse,  Pablo
External Organizations;

Lahitte,  Pierre
External Organizations;

Kereszturi,  Gabor
External Organizations;

Kervyn,  Matthieu
External Organizations;

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Fulltext (public)

5026285.pdf
(Publisher version), 9MB

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Citation

O'Hara, D., Goren, L., van Wees, R. M. J., Campforts, B., Grosse, P., Lahitte, P., Kereszturi, G., Kervyn, M. (2024): Time-varying drainage basin developmentand erosion on volcanic edifices. - Earth Surface Dynamics, 12, 3, 709-726.
https://doi.org/10.5194/esurf-12-709-2024


Cite as: https://gfzpublic.gfz-potsdam.de/pubman/item/item_5026285
Abstract
The erosional state of a landscape is often assessed through a series of metrics that quantify the morphology of drainage basins and divides. Such metrics have been well explored in tectonically active environments to evaluate the role of different processes in sculpting topography, yet relatively few works have applied these analyses to radial landforms such as volcanoes. We quantify drainage basin geometries on volcanic edifices of varying ages using common metrics (e.g., Hack's law, drainage density, and number of basins that reach the edifice summit, as well as basin hypsometry integral, length, width, relief, and average topographic slope). Relating these measurements to the log-mean age of activity for each edifice, we find that drainage density, basin hypsometry, basin length, and basin width quantify the degree of erosional maturity for these landforms. We also explore edifice drainage basin growth and competition by conducting a divide mobility analysis on the volcanoes, finding that young volcanoes are characterized by nearly uniform fluvial basins within unstable configurations that are more prone to divide migration. As basins on young volcanoes erode, they become less uniform but adapt to a more stable configuration with less divide migration. Finally, we analyze basin spatial geometries and outlet spacing on edifices, discovering an evolution in radial basin configurations that differ from typical linear mountain ranges. From these, we present a novel conceptual model for edifice degradation that allows new interpretations of composite volcano histories and provides predictive quantities for edifice morphologic evolution.