Diagnostics of Es Layer Scintillation Observations Using FS3/COSMIC Data: 
Dependence on Sampling Spatial Scale

Tsai, Lung-Chih; Su, Shin-Yi; Liu, Chao-Han; Schuh, H.; Wickert, J.; Alizadeh, Mohamad Mahdi

doi:10.3390/rs13183732

Item

ITEM ACTIONSEXPORT

Add to Basket

Local TagsRelease HistoryDetailsSummary

Released

Journal Article

Diagnostics of Es Layer Scintillation Observations Using FS3/COSMIC Data: Dependence on Sampling Spatial Scale

Authors

Tsai, Lung-Chih
External Organizations;

Su, Shin-Yi
External Organizations;

Liu, Chao-Han
External Organizations;

/persons/resource/schuh

Schuh, H.
1.1 Space Geodetic Techniques, 1.0 Geodesy, Departments, GFZ Publication Database, Deutsches GeoForschungsZentrum;

/persons/resource/wickert

Wickert, J.
1.1 Space Geodetic Techniques, 1.0 Geodesy, Departments, GFZ Publication Database, Deutsches GeoForschungsZentrum;

Alizadeh, Mohamad Mahdi
External Organizations;

External Ressource

No external resources are shared

Fulltext (public)

5007907.pdf
(Publisher version), 3MB

Supplementary Material (public)

There is no public supplementary material available

Citation

Tsai, L.-C., Su, S.-Y., Liu, C.-H., Schuh, H., Wickert, J., Alizadeh, M. M. (2021): Diagnostics of Es Layer Scintillation Observations Using FS3/COSMIC Data: Dependence on Sampling Spatial Scale. - Remote Sensing, 13, 18, 3732.
https://doi.org/10.3390/rs13183732

Cite as: https://gfzpublic.gfz-potsdam.de/pubman/item/item_5007907

Abstract

The basic theory and experimental results of amplitude scintillation from GPS/GNSS radio occultation (RO) observations on sporadic E (Es) layers are reported in this study. Considering an Es layer to be not a “thin” irregularity slab on limb viewing, we characterized the corresponding electron density fluctuations as a power-law function and applied the Ryton approximation to simulate spatial spectrum of amplitude fluctuations. The scintillation index S4 and normalized signal amplitude standard deviation S2 are calculated depending on the sampling spatial scale. The theoretical results show that both S4 and S2 values become saturated when the sampling spatial scale is less than the first Fresnel zone (FFZ), and S4 and S2 values could be underestimated and approximately proportional to the logarithm of sampled spatial wave numbers up to the FFZ wave number. This was verified by experimental analyses using the 50 Hz and de-sampled FormoSat-3/Constellation Observing System for Meteorology, Ionosphere and Climate (FS3/COSMIC) GPS RO data in the cases of weak, moderate, and strong scintillations. The results show that the measured S2 and S4 values have a very high correlation coefficient of >0.97 and a ratio of ~0.5 under both complete and undersampling conditions, and complete S4 and S2 values can be derived by dividing the measured undersampling S4 and S2 values by a factor of 0.8 when using 1-Hz RO data.