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Scientific objectives and research progress of China’s first Mars exploration mission Tianwen-1

Authors

Pan,  Yongxin
IUGG 2023, General Assemblies, 1 General, International Union of Geodesy and Geophysics (IUGG), External Organizations;

Liu,  Jianjun
IUGG 2023, General Assemblies, 1 General, International Union of Geodesy and Geophysics (IUGG), External Organizations;

Chen,  Ling
IUGG 2023, General Assemblies, 1 General, International Union of Geodesy and Geophysics (IUGG), External Organizations;

Du,  Aimin
IUGG 2023, General Assemblies, 1 General, International Union of Geodesy and Geophysics (IUGG), External Organizations;

Liu,  Yang
IUGG 2023, General Assemblies, 1 General, International Union of Geodesy and Geophysics (IUGG), External Organizations;

Zou,  Yongliao
IUGG 2023, General Assemblies, 1 General, International Union of Geodesy and Geophysics (IUGG), External Organizations;

Li,  Chunlai
IUGG 2023, General Assemblies, 1 General, International Union of Geodesy and Geophysics (IUGG), External Organizations;

Zhang,  Keke
IUGG 2023, General Assemblies, 1 General, International Union of Geodesy and Geophysics (IUGG), External Organizations;

Zhang,  Jinhai
IUGG 2023, General Assemblies, 1 General, International Union of Geodesy and Geophysics (IUGG), External Organizations;

Lin,  Wei
IUGG 2023, General Assemblies, 1 General, International Union of Geodesy and Geophysics (IUGG), External Organizations;

Wei,  Yong
IUGG 2023, General Assemblies, 1 General, International Union of Geodesy and Geophysics (IUGG), External Organizations;

Zhang,  Rongqiao
IUGG 2023, General Assemblies, 1 General, International Union of Geodesy and Geophysics (IUGG), External Organizations;

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Citation

Pan, Y., Liu, J., Chen, L., Du, A., Liu, Y., Zou, Y., Li, C., Zhang, K., Zhang, J., Lin, W., Wei, Y., Zhang, R. (2023): Scientific objectives and research progress of China’s first Mars exploration mission Tianwen-1, XXVIII General Assembly of the International Union of Geodesy and Geophysics (IUGG) (Berlin 2023).
https://doi.org/10.57757/IUGG23-2179


Cite as: https://gfzpublic.gfz-potsdam.de/pubman/item/item_5018627
Abstract
China’s first interplanetary mission to Mars, Tianwen-1, consists of an obiter, a lander and a rover (Zhurong). It was lunched on 23 July 2020, entered Mars obit on 10 February 2021 and landed on Mars on 15 May 2021. This paper will overview the main scientific objectives and the major research advances of Tianwen-1, in particular from the Zhurong rover landed at the southern Utopia Planitia. The Zhurong rover has performed in-situ investigations of the geomorphological features, surface and subsurface geology, magnetic field and environments along its traverse to the south of the landing area. The short-wave infrared spectral data showed the presence of hydrated sulfate/silica materials on the Amazonian terrain at the landing site. These hydrated minerals and associated duricrust suggest that a more active Amazonian hydrosphere for Mars than previously thought. A detailed subsurface image constructed from the rover radar data shows a ~70-m-thick, multi-layered structure below a less than 10-m-thick regolith. The structural layering suggests the occurrence of episodic water-involved resurfacing in Utopia Planitia during the Late Hesperian to Amazonian epochs, although there is no direct evidence for the presence of liquid water today in the upper 80 m. The Zhurong rover also made the first ground magnetic vector measurements at 16 sites along the ~1-km track. This in-situ observation reveals an extremely weak magnetic field, much smaller than that was predicted from the orbit, in contrast to the large crustal magnetic field measured by InSight in Elysium Planitia.