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Abstract:
The Empirical Canadian High Arctic Ionospheric Model (E-CHAIM) is a 3D empirical model of the high latitude electron density designed as an alternative to the use of the International Reference Ionosphere (IRI) at high latitudes. The model was initially developed through Themens et al. [2017, 2018, and 2019] with climatological representations of the F2 peak, topside, and bottomside ionosphere, respectively. The model also includes a storm peak density model to accommodate the high latitude negative ionospheric response to storm-driven changes in thermospheric composition. Since the initial release of the model, auroral electron precipitation was added in v3.1 to account for enhancements in the auroral E-Region [Watson et al., 2021] and a climatological D-Region was added in v3.2 through the integration of the Faraday IRI-2018 [Friedrich and Torkar, 2018]. Here we will discuss the inclusion of solar energetic proton precipitation in the model and compare the resulting electron density enhancements with corresponding increases in riometer absorption and the electron density structures observed through Incoherent Scatter Radar (ISR). We will also conduct validations of the performance of the auroral electron precipitation module.ReferencesFriedrich, M., C. Pock, and K. Torkar (2018). doi:10.1029/2018JA025437Themens, D.R., P.T. Jayachandran, A.M. McCaffrey, B. Reid, and R.H. Varney (2019). doi:10.1029/2018RS006748Themens, D.R., et al. (2018). doi:10.1002/2017JA024817Themens, D.R., P.T. Jayachandran, I. Galkin, and C. Hall (2017). doi:10.1002/2017JA024398Watson, C., D.R. Themens, and P.T. Jayachandran (2021), doi:10.1029/2021SW002779
