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Abstract:
This reporter review presents new scientific results selected from Ultra Low Frequency (ULF) wave studies (covering the frequency range from 1 mHz to 5 Hz) during the past two years (i.e., from 2021 to 2023). The considered studies are sought to improve understanding of the physics and properties of ULF waves originated both on the dayside and on the nightside, focusing on their excitation, generation and propagation characteristics. These ULF wave studies are based on multi-mission, multi-satellite and multi-instrument, as well as ground-based arrays observations using various analysis and modeling techniques, including machine learning approaches. The topics will highlight the important role that ULF waves play for solar wind – magnetosphere – ionosphere coupling, ring current, radiation belt, storm and substorm dynamics.
