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Conference Paper

The influence of physical properties of crustal rocks on volcanic unrest at Campi Flegrei caldera (Italy)

Authors

Buono,  Gianmarco
IUGG 2023, General Assemblies, 1 General, International Union of Geodesy and Geophysics (IUGG), External Organizations;

Caliro,  Stefano
IUGG 2023, General Assemblies, 1 General, International Union of Geodesy and Geophysics (IUGG), External Organizations;

Chiodini,  Giovanni
IUGG 2023, General Assemblies, 1 General, International Union of Geodesy and Geophysics (IUGG), External Organizations;

Giudicepietro,  Flora
IUGG 2023, General Assemblies, 1 General, International Union of Geodesy and Geophysics (IUGG), External Organizations;

Maccaferri,  Francesco
IUGG 2023, General Assemblies, 1 General, International Union of Geodesy and Geophysics (IUGG), External Organizations;

Macedonio,  Giovanni
IUGG 2023, General Assemblies, 1 General, International Union of Geodesy and Geophysics (IUGG), External Organizations;

Pappalardo,  Lucia
IUGG 2023, General Assemblies, 1 General, International Union of Geodesy and Geophysics (IUGG), External Organizations;

Pozzi,  Giacomo
IUGG 2023, General Assemblies, 1 General, International Union of Geodesy and Geophysics (IUGG), External Organizations;

Spagnuolo,  Elena
IUGG 2023, General Assemblies, 1 General, International Union of Geodesy and Geophysics (IUGG), External Organizations;

Tramelli,  Anna
IUGG 2023, General Assemblies, 1 General, International Union of Geodesy and Geophysics (IUGG), External Organizations;

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Citation

Buono, G., Caliro, S., Chiodini, G., Giudicepietro, F., Maccaferri, F., Macedonio, G., Pappalardo, L., Pozzi, G., Spagnuolo, E., Tramelli, A. (2023): The influence of physical properties of crustal rocks on volcanic unrest at Campi Flegrei caldera (Italy), XXVIII General Assembly of the International Union of Geodesy and Geophysics (IUGG) (Berlin 2023).
https://doi.org/10.57757/IUGG23-4403


Cite as: https://gfzpublic.gfz-potsdam.de/pubman/item/item_5021834
Abstract
The Campi Flegrei caldera (CFc) is in an unrest phase, manifested by increasing ground uplift, seismicity and hydrothermal activity since 2005. The seismicity mainly involves the first 3 km below the main hydrothermal site of Solfatara-Pisciarelli. Geodetic data inversions generally localize the deformation source in this sector of the caldera. Two driving mechanisms of magmatic and non-magmatic unrest have been proposed. In this frame, investigating the physical properties of subsurface rocks can be valuable as they can largely affect local stress and strength, controlling volcano dynamics. We explored subsurface CFc rocks, extracted from 3-km-deep exploratory geothermal wells. X-ray microtomography investigations were combined with in-situ mechanical experiments (4D imaging) to characterize rock properties and link them with 3D microstructural changes. The cores, collected from the most representative stratigraphic levels, are dominated by tuffs alternating with minor lavas. The mineralogical assemblage reflects different depth-dependent T-P conditions ranging from argillic alteration (150 °C) to thermometamorphism (350 °C). Their tensile strength varies between 2 and 15 MPa and shows a general increase with depth, suggesting that similar excess pressures are required within a potential shallow chamber to drive magma transfer. Combining this data with correspondent elastic properties, it can be inferred that a volume change between 0.001 and 1 km3 is sufficient to cause rupture conditions in a sill with radius between 0.5 and 5 km, respectively. These results are in agreement with magma volumes erupted during past eruptions at CFc, and particularly consistent with volcanological and petrological data of products from small-scale events.