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Compositional and textural tephra characteristics of the 1970 eruption at Deception Island (Antarctica): Implications for volcanic hazards

Authors

Hopfenblatt,  Joaquín
IUGG 2023, General Assemblies, 1 General, International Union of Geodesy and Geophysics (IUGG), External Organizations;

Geyer,  Adelina
IUGG 2023, General Assemblies, 1 General, International Union of Geodesy and Geophysics (IUGG), External Organizations;

Aulinas,  Meritxell
IUGG 2023, General Assemblies, 1 General, International Union of Geodesy and Geophysics (IUGG), External Organizations;

Polo Sánchez,  Antonio
IUGG 2023, General Assemblies, 1 General, International Union of Geodesy and Geophysics (IUGG), External Organizations;

Pedrazzi,  Dario
IUGG 2023, General Assemblies, 1 General, International Union of Geodesy and Geophysics (IUGG), External Organizations;

Álvarez-Valero,  Antonio M.
IUGG 2023, General Assemblies, 1 General, International Union of Geodesy and Geophysics (IUGG), External Organizations;

Vilanova,  Oriol
IUGG 2023, General Assemblies, 1 General, International Union of Geodesy and Geophysics (IUGG), External Organizations;

Pallàs,  Raimon
IUGG 2023, General Assemblies, 1 General, International Union of Geodesy and Geophysics (IUGG), External Organizations;

Casas,  Josep M.
IUGG 2023, General Assemblies, 1 General, International Union of Geodesy and Geophysics (IUGG), External Organizations;

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Citation

Hopfenblatt, J., Geyer, A., Aulinas, M., Polo Sánchez, A., Pedrazzi, D., Álvarez-Valero, A. M., Vilanova, O., Pallàs, R., Casas, J. M. (2023): Compositional and textural tephra characteristics of the 1970 eruption at Deception Island (Antarctica): Implications for volcanic hazards, XXVIII General Assembly of the International Union of Geodesy and Geophysics (IUGG) (Berlin 2023).
https://doi.org/10.57757/IUGG23-1058


Cite as: https://gfzpublic.gfz-potsdam.de/pubman/item/item_5018204
Abstract
Deception Island is the most active volcano in the South Shetland Islands with more than 20 explosive eruptions registered over the past centuries. The latest event (1970) was severely violent with a volcanic explosivity index (VEI) of 3. The column height reached 10 km, the estimated bulk eruptive volume was &gt; 0.1 km3 and tephra fallout was reported as far as in King George Island (&gt; 150 km distance). In this work, we perform a compositional and textural analysis of the 1970 tephra layers found at Livingston Island’s glaciers. Results obtained are compared to the in situ pyroclastic deposits of the active vents during the eruption. The objective is to establish a correlation between the eruptive phases occurred during the 1970 event and the physicochemical features observed in the tephra deposits. This will be used the onset of future studies of tephra layers found in glaciers and marine/lacustrine sediment cores outside the island, improving our capacity to reconstruct the eruptive dynamics of past eruptions. This is fundamental to: (i) determine the size and explosiveness of past eruptions; (ii) assess the extent of their related hazards; (iii) complete the eruptive record; and (iv) consequently, perform accurate hazard assessments at the island.&nbsp;<p>&nbsp;This work is part of the CSIC Interdisciplinary Thematic Platform (PTI) Polar zone Observatory (PTI-POLARCSIC) activities. This research was partially funded by the MINECO VOLCLIMA (CGL2015-72629-EXP) and HYDROCAL (PID2020-114876GB-I00) MCIN/AEI/10.13039/501100011033 research projects. Sampling was founded by CICYT (ANT91-1270, ANT93-0852 and ANT96-0734).