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Abstract

For the water-food-energy-climate change nexus to function effectively, water cycle consilience should be promoted by integrating the knowledge of water cycle, climate, agriculture, and energy across different disciplines using well-organized observation, modeling, and data and information systems.A coupled land and vegetation data assimilation system has been developed to support agricultural drought management by calculating land water cycle and dynamic vegetation growth using satellite observation data. The system has been put into real-time operation in Brazilian Northeast, collecting and integrating various data in real time and allowing local people easy access to outputs.A rice production model has been combined with a water and energy budget distributed hydrological model to assess climate change impacts on rice production, considering floods and droughts intensified by climate change. The results of the coupled model application have been provided to plan more practical agricultural policies. A hydroelectric dam operation support system has been developed using ensemble dam inflow prediction in a seamless way from low flow to peak flow. An experimental application of the system showed its high potential to contribute to successful reductions in flood risk and increases in hydropower generation.It is also important to establish cross-sectoral frameworks at local, national, regional, and global levels to link cutting-edge science beyond disciplines with on-site decision-making and action to achieve goals using an end-to-end approach.