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Ice sheet – solid earth feedback during the last glacial cycle in Antarctica and Greenland

Authors

van Calcar,  Caroline
IUGG 2023, General Assemblies, 1 General, International Union of Geodesy and Geophysics (IUGG), External Organizations;

Van Der Wal,  Wouter
IUGG 2023, General Assemblies, 1 General, International Union of Geodesy and Geophysics (IUGG), External Organizations;

Kempenaar,  Gydo
IUGG 2023, General Assemblies, 1 General, International Union of Geodesy and Geophysics (IUGG), External Organizations;

Barletta,  Valentina
IUGG 2023, General Assemblies, 1 General, International Union of Geodesy and Geophysics (IUGG), External Organizations;

van de Wal,  Roderik
IUGG 2023, General Assemblies, 1 General, International Union of Geodesy and Geophysics (IUGG), External Organizations;

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Citation

van Calcar, C., Van Der Wal, W., Kempenaar, G., Barletta, V., van de Wal, R. (2023): Ice sheet – solid earth feedback during the last glacial cycle in Antarctica and Greenland, XXVIII General Assembly of the International Union of Geodesy and Geophysics (IUGG) (Berlin 2023).
https://doi.org/10.57757/IUGG23-3121


Cite as: https://gfzpublic.gfz-potsdam.de/pubman/item/item_5020579
Abstract
The solid earth influences ice sheet dynamics by controlling bedrock deformation and hence surface elevation and grounding line position. These in turn determine surface and basal melt. Ice-sheet models typically include models to compute bedrock deformation with a constant mantle viscosity (or similar parameter), whereas mantle viscosity can vary strongly underneath the ice sheets. Here we use a recently developed model that couples an ice-sheet model (ANICE) to a finite-element based GIA model that includes 3D variations in viscosity derived from seismic measurements. We investigate the effect of mantle viscosity variations on the evolution of the last glacial ice sheets in Antarctica and Greenland. In Antarctica, the main feedback mechanism is the effect of bedrock elevation on local sea level and grounding line position. In particular, uplifting bedrock in marine ice sheets reduces ice sheet loss during deglaciation. Results show a grounding line position that is 500 km more outwards when including 3D variations in mantle viscosity compared to a homogeneous viscosity. In Greenland, the main feedback is the effect of bedrock elevation on the surface elevation and hence surface melt. We show that this feedback mainly manifests in north-west Greenland where the mantle viscosity is above average. The higher mantle viscosity leads to higher ice sheet elevation at last glacial maximum, which leads to less surface melt during deglaciation. The results underline the importance of including 3D viscosity in modeling ice sheet evolution.