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Conference Paper

Bubble experiments in complex conduits: The implications of shallow plumbing system geometry on open-vent eruption dynamics

Authors

Calleja,  Hannah
IUGG 2023, General Assemblies, 1 General, International Union of Geodesy and Geophysics (IUGG), External Organizations;

Kirstein,  Linda
IUGG 2023, General Assemblies, 1 General, International Union of Geodesy and Geophysics (IUGG), External Organizations;

Fitton,  Godfrey
IUGG 2023, General Assemblies, 1 General, International Union of Geodesy and Geophysics (IUGG), External Organizations;

Butler,  Ian
IUGG 2023, General Assemblies, 1 General, International Union of Geodesy and Geophysics (IUGG), External Organizations;

Breard,  Eric
IUGG 2023, General Assemblies, 1 General, International Union of Geodesy and Geophysics (IUGG), External Organizations;

Pering,  Tom
IUGG 2023, General Assemblies, 1 General, International Union of Geodesy and Geophysics (IUGG), External Organizations;

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Citation

Calleja, H., Kirstein, L., Fitton, G., Butler, I., Breard, E., Pering, T. (2023): Bubble experiments in complex conduits: The implications of shallow plumbing system geometry on open-vent eruption dynamics, XXVIII General Assembly of the International Union of Geodesy and Geophysics (IUGG) (Berlin 2023).
https://doi.org/10.57757/IUGG23-3686


Cite as: https://gfzpublic.gfz-potsdam.de/pubman/item/item_5020856
Abstract
Knowledge of open-vent volcanic eruption styles and forecasting relies on our understanding of the multiphase behaviour of magmas in shallow plumbing systems. Eruption dynamics are primarily driven by the rise and burst of gas from within volcanic conduits, and low viscosity magmatic systems exhibit a variety of activity over different timescales. Specific gas regimes are attributed to the onset of specific eruption types, and conduit geometry is a major control on their ascent dynamics in the upper 1 km of the system.Current models cannot suitably explain natural system complexity because they assume simple rise conditions (rheologically uniform media and a vertical cylindrical conduit). It is thus vital to consider the effects of complex internal conduit geometries on bubble ascent parameters to improve our understanding of volcano-scale flow dynamics and their implications for basaltic eruption explosivity. Here, we examine the combined effects of varied viscosity (0.001-1.412 Pa s) and conduit geometry (tube inclination and a storage zone) on bubble ascent parameters in continuous flow using a suite of novel experiments.Dimensionless parameters are derived to describe specific flow characteristics at laboratory and volcanic scales, and demonstrate the viability of current framework for true-scale application to complex, multi-vent, open systems like Stromboli. Preliminary results indicate that internal conduit geometry controls for eruption style as a direct consequence of its influence on gas ascent dynamics independently of (and in addition to) the factors currently attributed to eruption triggering in the literature, i.e., magma viscosity, gas flux and related controlling characteristics.