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The Hindu Kush slab break-off as revealed by deep structure and crustal deformation

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Kufner,  Sofia-Katerina
4.1 Lithosphere Dynamics, 4.0 Geosystems, Departments, GFZ Publication Database, Deutsches GeoForschungsZentrum;
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Kakar,  Najibullah
1.2 Global Geomonitoring and Gravity Field, 1.0 Geodesy, Departments, GFZ Publication Database, Deutsches GeoForschungsZentrum;
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Bloch,  Wasja
4.1 Lithosphere Dynamics, 4.0 Geosystems, Departments, GFZ Publication Database, Deutsches GeoForschungsZentrum;
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Metzger,  Sabrina
4.1 Lithosphere Dynamics, 4.0 Geosystems, Departments, GFZ Publication Database, Deutsches GeoForschungsZentrum;
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Yuan,  X.
2.4 Seismology, 2.0 Geophysics, Departments, GFZ Publication Database, Deutsches GeoForschungsZentrum;
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Mechie,  James
2.2 Geophysical Imaging of the Subsurface, 2.0 Geophysics, Departments, GFZ Publication Database, Deutsches GeoForschungsZentrum;
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Ratschbacher,  L.
External;
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Murodkulov,  S.
External;
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Deng,  Z.
1.1 Space Geodetic Techniques, 1.0 Geodesy, Departments, GFZ Publication Database, Deutsches GeoForschungsZentrum;
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Schurr,  B.
4.1 Lithosphere Dynamics, 4.0 Geosystems, Departments, GFZ Publication Database, Deutsches GeoForschungsZentrum;
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5005465.pdf
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Zitation

Kufner, S.-K., Kakar, N., Bloch, W., Metzger, S., Yuan, X., Mechie, J., Ratschbacher, L., Murodkulov, S., Deng, Z., Schurr, B. (2021): The Hindu Kush slab break-off as revealed by deep structure and crustal deformation. - Nature Communications, 12, 1685.
https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-021-21760-w


Zitierlink: https://gfzpublic.gfz-potsdam.de/pubman/item/item_5005465
Zusammenfassung
Break-off of part of the down-going plate during continental collision occurs due to tensile stresses built-up between the deep and shallow slab, for which buoyancy is increased because of continental-crust subduction. Break-off governs the subsequent orogenic evolution but real-time observations are rare as it happens over geologically short times. Here we present a finite-frequency tomography, based on jointly inverted local and remote earthquakes, for the Hindu Kush in Afghanistan, where slab break-off is ongoing. We interpret our results as crustal subduction on top of a northwards-subducting Indian lithospheric slab, whose penetration depth increases along-strike while thinning and steepening. This implies that break-off is propagating laterally and that the highest lithospheric stretching rates occur during the final pinching-off. In the Hindu Kush crust, earthquakes and geodetic data show a transition from focused to distributed deformation, which we relate to a variable degree of crust-mantle coupling presumably associated with break-off at depth.