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Conference Paper

Mantle phase changes and subduction history beneath North America revealed from stochastic tomography

Authors

Cormier,  Vernon
IUGG 2023, General Assemblies, 1 General, International Union of Geodesy and Geophysics (IUGG), External Organizations;

Monna,  Stephen
IUGG 2023, General Assemblies, 1 General, International Union of Geodesy and Geophysics (IUGG), External Organizations;

Zheng,  YIngcai
IUGG 2023, General Assemblies, 1 General, International Union of Geodesy and Geophysics (IUGG), External Organizations;

Lithgow-Bertelloni,  Carolina
IUGG 2023, General Assemblies, 1 General, International Union of Geodesy and Geophysics (IUGG), External Organizations;

Stixrude,  Lars
IUGG 2023, General Assemblies, 1 General, International Union of Geodesy and Geophysics (IUGG), External Organizations;

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Citation

Cormier, V., Monna, S., Zheng, Y., Lithgow-Bertelloni, C., Stixrude, L. (2023): Mantle phase changes and subduction history beneath North America revealed from stochastic tomography, XXVIII General Assembly of the International Union of Geodesy and Geophysics (IUGG) (Berlin 2023).
https://doi.org/10.57757/IUGG23-3029


Cite as: https://gfzpublic.gfz-potsdam.de/pubman/item/item_5020341
Abstract
Stochastic tomography inverts fluctuations in amplitude and travel time recorded between dense elements of seismic arrays for a statistical representation of mantle heterogeneity. Its application has revealed that the heterogeneity spectrum of the upper mantle is marked by peaks associated with depth regions undergoing phase or compositional change. Its application to the western US between longitudes 125oW to 100oW has confirmed the existence a cold temperature perturbation of the mantle transition zone between 400 to 660 km depths consistent with stagnation of the subducted Farallon slab. Two phase changes in the transition zone, wadsleyite to ringwoodite and the initiation of akimotoite, are especially sensitive to both temperature and composition, but occur over depth ranges from 20 km to greater than 50 km, incapable of inducing multipaths in seismic body waves and often undetectable in receiver function imaging. Using the signatures of these two phase transitions revealed in peaks in the depth dependence of the heterogeneity spectrum inverted from coherence of teleseismic P waves, we extend our study of the mantle heterogeneity beneath North America to the eastern US between longitudes 100oW to 80oW to constrain the evolution and possible fragmentation of the subducted Farallon beneath this region.