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Journal Article

Fast relocking and afterslip-seismicity evolution following the 2015 Mw 8.3 Illapel earthquake in Chile

Authors

Hormazábal,  Joaquín
External Organizations;

Moreno,  Marcos
External Organizations;

Ortega-Culaciati,  Francisco
External Organizations;

Báez,  Juan Carlos
External Organizations;

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Pena Hormazábal,  Carlos Raúl
2.6 Seismic Hazard and Risk Dynamics, 2.0 Geophysics, Departments, GFZ Publication Database, Deutsches GeoForschungsZentrum;

Sippl,  Christian
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González-Vidal,  Diego
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Ruiz,  Javier
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Metzger,  Sabrina
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Yoshioka,  Shoichi
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Fulltext (public)

5024401.pdf
(Publisher version), 9MB

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Citation

Hormazábal, J., Moreno, M., Ortega-Culaciati, F., Báez, J. C., Pena Hormazábal, C. R., Sippl, C., González-Vidal, D., Ruiz, J., Metzger, S., Yoshioka, S. (2023): Fast relocking and afterslip-seismicity evolution following the 2015 Mw 8.3 Illapel earthquake in Chile. - Scientific Reports, 13, 19511.
https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-023-45369-9


Cite as: https://gfzpublic.gfz-potsdam.de/pubman/item/item_5024401
Abstract
Large subduction earthquakes induce complex postseismic deformation, primarily driven by afterslip and viscoelastic relaxation, in addition to interplate relocking processes. However, these signals are intricately intertwined, posing challenges in determining the timing and nature of relocking. Here, we use six years of continuous GNSS measurements (2015–2021) to study the spatiotemporal evolution of afterslip, seismicity and locking after the 2015 Illapel earthquake ( M w 8.3). Afterslip is inverted from postseismic displacements corrected for nonlinear viscoelastic relaxation modeled using a power‑law rheology, and the distribution of locking is obtained from the linear trend of GNSS stations. Our results show that afterslip is mainly concentrated in two zones surrounding the region of largest coseismic slip. The accumulated afterslip (corresponding to M w 7.8) exceeds 1.5 m, with aftershocks mainly occurring at the boundaries of the afterslip patches. Our results reveal that the region experiencing the largest coseismic slip undergoes rapid relocking, exhibiting the behavior of a persistent velocity weakening asperity, with no observed aftershocks or afterslip within this region during the observed period. The rapid relocking of this asperity may explain the almost regular recurrence time of earthquakes in this region, as similar events occurred in 1880 and 1943.