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Journal Article

Authigenic mineralization in Surtsey basaltic tuff deposits at 50 years after eruption

Authors

Montesano,  Giovanna
External Organizations;

Rispoli,  Concetta
External Organizations;

Petrosino,  Paola
External Organizations;

Jackson,  Marie D.
External Organizations;

/persons/resource/weisenb

Weisenberger,  Tobias
4.8 Geoenergy, 4.0 Geosystems, Departments, GFZ Publication Database, Deutsches GeoForschungsZentrum;

Gudmundsson,  Magnús T.
External Organizations;

Cappelletti,  Piergiulio
External Organizations;

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Fulltext (public)

5024411.pdf
(Publisher version), 6MB

Supplementary Material (public)
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Citation

Montesano, G., Rispoli, C., Petrosino, P., Jackson, M. D., Weisenberger, T., Gudmundsson, M. T., Cappelletti, P. (2023): Authigenic mineralization in Surtsey basaltic tuff deposits at 50 years after eruption. - Scientific Reports, 13, 22855.
https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-023-47439-4


Cite as: https://gfzpublic.gfz-potsdam.de/pubman/item/item_5024411
Abstract
Alteration of basaltic glass and in situ mineral growth are fundamental processes that influence the chemical and material properties of Earth’s oceanic crust. These processes have evolved at the basaltic island of Surtsey (SW Iceland) since eruptions terminated in 1967. Here, subaerial and submarine lapilli tuff samples from a 192 m-deep borehole drilled in 2017 (SE-02b) are characterized through petrographic studies, X-ray powder diffraction analyses, and SEM–EDS imaging and chemical analyses. The integrated results reveal (i) multi-stage palagonitization processes in basaltic glass and precipitation of secondary minerals from matrix pore fluids, (ii) multi-stage crystallization of secondary phillipsite, analcime and Al-tobermorite in the vesicles of basaltic pyroclasts and (iii) variations in palagonitization processes as a function of thermal and hydrological domains. Although temperature appears to be an important factor in controlling rates of secondary mineralization, the chemistry of original basaltic components and interstitial fluids also influences reaction pathways in the young pyroclastic deposits. The integration of systematic mineralogical analyses of the 50-yearold tuff from one of the most carefully monitored volcanic sites on Earth, together with temperature monitoring in boreholes since 1980, provide a reference framework for evaluating mineralogical evolution in other Surtseyan-type volcanoes worldwide.