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The effects of climate and soil depth on living and dead bacterial communities along a longitudinal gradient in Chile

Authors
/persons/resource/xwang

Wang,  Xiuling
3.7 Geomicrobiology, 3.0 Geochemistry, Departments, GFZ Publication Database, Deutsches GeoForschungsZentrum;

/persons/resource/lganzert

Ganzert,  L.
3.7 Geomicrobiology, 3.0 Geochemistry, Departments, GFZ Publication Database, Deutsches GeoForschungsZentrum;

/persons/resource/abartho

Bartholomäus,  Alexander
3.7 Geomicrobiology, 3.0 Geochemistry, Departments, GFZ Publication Database, Deutsches GeoForschungsZentrum;

/persons/resource/ramen

Amen,  Rahma
3.7 Geomicrobiology, 3.0 Geochemistry, Departments, GFZ Publication Database, Deutsches GeoForschungsZentrum;

/persons/resource/syang

Yang,  Sizhong
3.7 Geomicrobiology, 3.0 Geochemistry, Departments, GFZ Publication Database, Deutsches GeoForschungsZentrum;

Guzmán,  Carolina Merino
External Organizations;

Matus,  Francisco
External Organizations;

Albornoz,  Maria Fernanda
External Organizations;

Aburto,  Felipe
External Organizations;

Oses-Pedraza,  Rómulo
External Organizations;

Friedl,  Thomas
External Organizations;

/persons/resource/dwagner

Wagner,  D.
3.7 Geomicrobiology, 3.0 Geochemistry, Departments, GFZ Publication Database, Deutsches GeoForschungsZentrum;

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Citation

Wang, X., Ganzert, L., Bartholomäus, A., Amen, R., Yang, S., Guzmán, C. M., Matus, F., Albornoz, M. F., Aburto, F., Oses-Pedraza, R., Friedl, T., Wagner, D. (2024 online): The effects of climate and soil depth on living and dead bacterial communities along a longitudinal gradient in Chile. - Science of the Total Environment, 173846.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.173846


Cite as: https://gfzpublic.gfz-potsdam.de/pubman/item/item_5026309
Abstract
Soil bacterial communities play a critical role in shaping soil stability and formation, exhibiting a dynamic interaction with local climate and soil depth. We employed an innovative DNA separation method to characterize microbial assemblages in low-biomass environments such as deserts and distinguish between intracellular DNA (iDNA) and extracellular DNA (eDNA) in soils. This approach, combined with analyses of physicochemical properties and co-occurrence networks, investigated soil bacterial communities across four sites representing diverse climatic gradients (i.e., arid, semi-arid, Mediterranean, and humid) along the Chilean Coastal Cordillera. The separation method yielded a distinctive unimodal pattern in the iDNA pool alpha diversity, increasing from arid to semi-arid climates and decreasing in humid environments, highlighting the rapid feedback of the iDNA community to increasing soil moisture. In the arid region, harsh surface conditions restrict bacterial growth, leading to peak iDNA abundance and diversity occurring in slightly deeper layers than the other sites. Our findings confirmed the association between specialist bacteria and ecosystem-functional traits. We observed transitions from Halomonas and Delftia, resistant to extreme arid environments, to Class AD3 and the genus Bradyrhizobium, associated with plants and organic matter in humid environments. The distance-based redundancy analysis (dbRDA) analysis revealed that soil pH and moisture were the key parameters that influenced bacterial community variation. The eDNA community correlated slightly better with the environment than the iDNA community, whereas the iDNA community was more sensitive to changes in soil physicochemical parameters. Soil depth was found to influence the iDNA community significantly but not the eDNA community, which might be related to depth-related metabolic activity. Our investigation into iDNA communities uncovered deterministic community assembly and distinct co-occurrence modules correlated with unique bacterial taxa, thereby showing connections with sites and key environmental factors. The study additionally revealed the effects of climatic gradients and soil depth on living and dead bacterial communities, emphasizing the need to distinguish between iDNA and eDNA pools.