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The EnMAP spaceborne imaging spectroscopy mission: Initial scientific results two years after launch

Authors
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Chabrillat,  S.
1.4 Remote Sensing, 1.0 Geodesy, Departments, GFZ Publication Database, Deutsches GeoForschungsZentrum;
Submitting Corresponding Author, Deutsches GeoForschungsZentrum;

Foerster,  Saskia
External Organizations;

Segl,  Karl
External Organizations;

Beamish,  Alison
External Organizations;

Brell,  Maximilian
External Organizations;

Asadzadeh,  Saeid
External Organizations;

Milewski,  Robert
External Organizations;

Ward,  Kathrin J.
External Organizations;

Brosinsky,  Arlena
External Organizations;

Koch,  Katrin
External Organizations;

Scheffler,  Daniel
External Organizations;

Guillaso,  Stephane
External Organizations;

Kokhanovsky,  Alexander
External Organizations;

Roessner,  Sigrid
External Organizations;

Guanter,  Luis
External Organizations;

Kaufmann,  Hermann
External Organizations;

Pinnel,  Nicole
External Organizations;

Carmona,  Emiliano
External Organizations;

Storch,  Tobias
External Organizations;

Hank,  Tobias
External Organizations;

Berger,  Katja
External Organizations;

Wocher,  Mathias
External Organizations;

Hostert,  Patrick
External Organizations;

van der Linden,  Sebastian
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Okujeni,  Akpona
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Janz,  Andreas
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Jakimow,  Benjamin
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Bracher,  Astrid
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Soppa,  Mariana A.
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Alvarado,  Leonardo M.A.
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Buddenbaum,  Henning
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Heim,  Birgit
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Heiden,  Uta
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Moreno,  Jose
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Ong,  Cindy
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Bohn,  Niklas
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Green,  Robert O.
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Bachmann,  Martin
External Organizations;

Kokaly,  Raymond
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Schodlok,  Martin
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Painter,  Thomas H.
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Gascon,  Ferran
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Buongiorno,  Fabrizia
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Mottus,  Matti
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Brando,  Vittorio Ernesto
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Feilhauer,  Hannes
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Betz,  Matthias
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Baur,  Simon
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Feckl,  Rupert
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Schickling,  Anke
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Krieger,  Vera
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Bock,  Michael
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La Porta,  Laura
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Fischer,  Sebastian
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Citation

Chabrillat, S., Foerster, S., Segl, K., Beamish, A., Brell, M., Asadzadeh, S., Milewski, R., Ward, K. J., Brosinsky, A., Koch, K., Scheffler, D., Guillaso, S., Kokhanovsky, A., Roessner, S., Guanter, L., Kaufmann, H., Pinnel, N., Carmona, E., Storch, T., Hank, T., Berger, K., Wocher, M., Hostert, P., van der Linden, S., Okujeni, A., Janz, A., Jakimow, B., Bracher, A., Soppa, M. A., Alvarado, L. M., Buddenbaum, H., Heim, B., Heiden, U., Moreno, J., Ong, C., Bohn, N., Green, R. O., Bachmann, M., Kokaly, R., Schodlok, M., Painter, T. H., Gascon, F., Buongiorno, F., Mottus, M., Brando, V. E., Feilhauer, H., Betz, M., Baur, S., Feckl, R., Schickling, A., Krieger, V., Bock, M., La Porta, L., Fischer, S. (2024 online): The EnMAP spaceborne imaging spectroscopy mission: Initial scientific results two years after launch. - Remote Sensing of Environment, 114379.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rse.2024.114379


Cite as: https://gfzpublic.gfz-potsdam.de/pubman/item/item_5028111
Abstract
Imaging spectroscopy has been a recognized and established remote sensing technology since the 1980s, mainly using airborne and field-based platforms to identify and quantify key bio- and geo-chemical surface and atmospheric compounds, based on characteristic spectral reflectance features in the visible-near infrared (VNIR) and short-wave infrared (SWIR). Spaceborne missions, a leap in technology, were sparse, starting with the CHRIS/PROBA and EO1/Hyperion missions in the early 2000s, and providing spectroscopy data with limited spectral coverage and/or low data quality in the SWIR. Since 2019, several countries and agencies have successfully launched a number of spaceborne imaging spectroscopy systems into orbit or deployed them on the International Space Station (ISS) such as DESIS, PRISMA, HISUI, GF-5, EnMAP and EMIT. Among these recent missions, the German Environmental Mapping and Analysis Program (EnMAP) stands for its long-term development, sophisticated design with on-board calibration, high data quality requirements, and extensive accompanying science program. EnMAP was launched in April 2022 and, following a successful commissioning phase, started its operational activities in November 2022. The EnMAP mission encompasses global coverage from 80° N to 80° S through on-demand data acquisitions. Data are free and open access with 30 m spatial resolution, a high spectral resolution with a spectral sampling distance of 6.5 nm and 10 nm in the VNIR and SWIR regions respectively, and a high signal-to-noise ratio. In this paper, we aim to present the mission's current status, coverage, science capabilities and performance two years after launch. We show the potential of EnMAP for space-based imaging spectroscopy to operate in various environments, including high and low light levels, dense forests, Antarctic glaciers, and arid agricultural areas. EnMAP enables various applications in fields such as agriculture and forestry, soil compositional, raw materials, and methane mapping, as well as water quality assessment, and snow and ice properties. The results show that EnMAP's performance exceeds the mission requirements, and highlights the significant potential for contribution to scientific exploitation in various geo- and biochemical sciences. EnMAP is also expected to serve as a key tool for the development and testing of data processing algorithms for upcoming global operational missions.